Describe what happens in Plato’s Allegory of the Cave and then explain how his allegory illustrates his view of reality (the Forms, the world of sense perception, etc. (to answer this question you should listen again to some Bryan Magee’s interview with Myles Burnyeat on Plato.
2.To answer this question you should probably refresh your memory about Magee’s interview with Martha Nussbaum on Aristotle.
What is the major difference between Plato’s and Aristotle’s view of the Forms? As part of your answer, say something about Aristotle’s four causes.
3.To answer this question you should refresh your memory about Magee’s interview with Anthony on Medieval Philosophy.
Anthony Kenny said that Augustine and Aquinas are the two major philosophers of the Medieval period in philosophy. Why are they so important? What do they have in common with each other? What is an important difference between their philosophical approaches?
4.To answer this question you should listen to my recordings in Module 2 on chapter 2 of Russell’s The Problems of Philosophy.
Question: Why does Russell need to confront the question of solipsism in chapter 2 and how does he answer it? Why, in other words, does he think there are good reasons to think that solipsism is not true?
(2 videos 13 minutes each)
5.In one of my recordings on Descartes’ First Meditation I explained why Descartes’ Meditation can be understood as unfolding in five stages (the five points of “M”–“M” standing for “murder”. What is being murdered in the first meditation? Explain how Descartes’ argument develops through the five stages of the “M.” Finally, how does Descartes’, in the beginning of the Second Meditation, find the certainty that he was looking for in the first meditation?
6.If someone asked John Locke what an apple was (the apple being a substance) Locke would reply that it is “something I know not what.:” He would answer the same way if you asked him what any substance was. Why does Locke say that a substance is? To answer this question you need to explain Locke’s view of primary and secondary qualities and his view of substance.
(Videos under question 7 are about Locke)
7.To answer this question you should listen to my audio or video recordings on Locke.
Explain why Locke does not believe in innate ideas and why Leibniz does.
8.To answer this question you need to listen to Bryan Magee’s interview with Isaiah Berlin on Why Philosophy Matters. Question: Why does Isaiah Berlin think philosophy matters? As part of your answer you need to explain Isaiah Berlin’s conception of philosophy as answering questions that are not purely formal or purely empirical.
9.In my audio recordings on Freud I explained how The Future of an Illusion deals with two problem-solution sets. I said that there is problem 1 and solution 1 and problem 2 and solution 2. Clearly explain these two problems and two solutions.
(2 12 minute videos in module 6) use APA style citations.
Plato’s Allegory of the Cave
10.Explain Berkeley’s argument that the only things that exist are minds and ideas. As part of your answer, you need to explain why Berkeley thinks John Locke is not justified in concluding that physical substances exist.
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